Explain how people like L'Ouverture, Bolivar and Hidalgo led their countries to independence. and also explain the effects of independence on those countries.
The American and French Revolutions inspired Latin America to stand up against its unfair European rulers. Even though there have been revolt attempts before, it was possible to have successful ones because Europe was distracted by troubles caused by Napoleon.
Haiti was the first Revolution of the Latin Americas. France owned all the Haitian plantations which had blacks work for them. By 1800s 90% of Haiti were slaves and this was very unfair. A former slave names Pierre Toussaint L'Ouverture led a dreadful revolt against the French. France sent troops to Haiti but the Haitians were capable of beating them with yellow fever on their side. Jacques Dessalines took over the revolution and claimed Haiti a free republic in 1804, and it became the first independent nation in Latin America.
South America decided to stand up to the European powers soon after Haiti. Venezuela (Spanish state) rejected Joseph Bonaparte as their ruler and claimed Simon Bolivar as leader. He used enlightenment ideas to establish a national congress and declare independence from Spain . He helped win a civil war between revolutionaries and people who supported the Spanish crown. He freed Gran Colombia (Columbia, Ecuador, Venezuela). Down south, Jose de San Martin was trying to free Argentina from French rule. He met up with Bernardo O'Higgins of Chile. They together freed their nations and Peru as well. They later met up with Simon Bolivar and slowly drove Europe out of South America.
John VI set up his royal court in Brazil in 1807. While he returned to Portugal, his son Pedro stayed in behind, declared Brazilian independence and crowned himself emperor. Brazil had it's independence soon after. His son, Pedro II, reformed Brazilian government, made it a major exporter of coffee, and abolished slavery. The land-owning class got angry and revolted against the monarchy making a republic in 1889.
in 1810, Miguel Hidalgo led a revolution against Spanish rule in Mexico. Spanish armies resisted and executed Hidalgo. Jose Morelos took over after Hidalgo and led the revolutionaries. Similar to Brazil, the landowning class executed him when he announced that he wants to distribute land to the poor. Independence was achieved in 1821 wut the treaty of Cordoba. Spain was then forced to recognize that its 300-year-old domination of Latin America was coming to an end. Mexico was now independent and Hidalgo is not recognized for being the founding father of Mexico.
Latin America was inspired by the success of the American Revolution in Europe. Europe was distracted by Napoleon and this led to successful rebellions for Latin America.
Haiti was the first place to revolt. France exported coffee, sugar, cocoa and indigo from Haiti to Europe. French colonist owned huge plantations and hundreds of slaves. By the 1800s, 90% of Haiti were slaves. Pierre Toussaint L'Ouverture a former slave led a violent but unsuccessful slave revolt. Angry, Napoleon sent 20,000 troops to end the revolt. The French captured L'Ouverture and imprisoned him in France. His lieutenant Jacques Dessalines (also a former slave)took over and proclaimed Haiti as a free republic in 1804. Haiti became the first independent nation in Latin America.
In 1808 when Napoleon invaded Spain he had appointed his brother Joseph Bonaparte to the Spanish throne. The Spanish decided they would be loyal to their king and not the French. In Venezuela they ejected Bonaparte's governor and had their own leader, Simon Bolivar. He used enlightenment ideas to create a national congress and declare independence from Spain. He even helped win a civil war between the revolutionaries and people who supported the Spanish crown. He also freed Gran Colombia.
Down south in Argentina, conflict began between the French and those who still supported the Spanish crown. Jose de San Martin took command of the Spanish army. San Martin joined Bernardo O'Higgins of Chile and took the revolutionary movement through Argentina, Chile and Peru. By 1820 a big chunk of South America had declared its independence from Spain.
John VI, the Portuguese king fled to Brazil and set up his royal court there. After Napoleon was defeated he returned to Portugal and left his son Pedro in charge with running Brazil. He declared Brazilian independence and crowned himself emperor.
In 1810 Miguel Hidalgo, a Creole priest led a revolt against Spanish rule. The Spanish armies resisted and they put down the revolution, executing Hidalgo. Jose Morelos picked up after Hidalgo, he too was executed. it wasn't until 1821, that independence was finally achieved. In the Treaty of Cordoba, Spain was forced to recognize that its 300 year old domination of Latin America was coming to an end. Mexico was granted independence and Central America than followed.
European colonies in Latin America got inspiration from the success of the American Revolution and ideas of the French Revolution to stand up against unfair European rulers. Hati was where the first successful Latin American revolt took place. France owned the Hatian plantations and therefore by the 1800 about 90 percent of Hati were slaves. This was very unfair. Pierre Toussaint L'Ouverture led a revolt against the French. France fought back with troops but was defeated due to the many slaves and Yellow Fever which killed a great number of the French. Dessalines took over the revolution and declared hati to be a free republic in 1804. Hati became the first independant nation in Latin America. after Hati, South America decided to stand up to the European powers as well. Venezulea did not accept Napoleons brother, Joseph, as a ruler. Rather they claimed Simon Bolivar as their leader. He used Enlightenment ideas to help declare independence from SPain and to create a national congress. Bolivar helped win a civil war betwen revolutionaries and thsoe whom supported the Spanish crown. He also freed Gran Columbia. Jose San Martin attempted to free Argentina from French rule. Martin, O'Higgens and Bolivar worked together and successfully drove Europe out of South America. Nicole Kwoka
The Latin American Revolutions were inspired greatly by the American and French Revolutions. So, they decided to take a chance on doing their own revolutions. These all succeeded because everyone was too busy dealing with Napoleon and the congress of vienna, that no one paid attention to their american estates.
It all began with Haiti. France had owned Haiti, and had crops such as coca, sugar, etc exported to France. They also had about many many slaves that grew these crops. However when Napoloen was beginning to come out on top, Pierre Toussaint L'Ouverture led a voilent slave revole. Even though Napoleon had sent many troops to go calm down this revolution, it was no use. The Hatians were very good fighters, and they the disease yellow fever also killed many french soldiers. Yes, LÓuverture was captured and imprisoned, however Jacques Dessalines made Haiti a free republic in 1804.
During the time that Napoleon had made his brother (Joesph Bonaparte) ruler of spain, people chose to recognixe their Spanish king and not the french one. In Venezuela, they took actions into their own hands and appointed a new leader, Simon Bolivar. He was one that travled around europe and learned about Rousseau's teachings. He put what he learned to the test and declared independence from Spain. Even though a war broke out, Bolivar won freedm for the are called Grab Columbia. In Argentina, José de San Martin took all of the teachings that he ahd learned while being in the Spanish army to good use. He had joined up with Bernard O'Higgins of Chile and movied the revoltion through Chile, Perú, and Argentina. He had also joined up with Bovilar at one time. In the 1820's, a big part of South America had declared it's independence from Spain.
At the time that Portugal was invaded by Napoleon, John VI had fled to Brazil. When he returned, e left his son Predo to run the colony. Pedro declared Brizilian independence from Portugal, and later Brazil had it's own constitution. Pedro then gave the power of the throne to Pedro II, his son. Pedro II had not only made Brazil a major exporter of coffee, but also abolished slavery in 1888. In 1810, a Creole Priest named Miguel Hidalgo led a revolution against the Spanish. However, the spanish had put down the revolt at Calderon Bridge and executed the priest. José Morelos then picked up where Hidalgo left off, and led more revolutions. Yet, he was still executed. Finally, in 1812 Mexico had liberated itself from Spain in Treaty of Cordoba. Mexico was granted it's independence.
The French & American Revolution both were an inspiration to Latin Americans. They decided to have their own revolutions because Europe was to distracted by all of Napoleon's trouble.
The first Revolution of the Latin Americas was at Haiti. France owned the land of Haiti. They kept many of the Latin Americans slaves because they needed them to work on plantations. By the year 1800 90percent of the population were slaves. France sent troups to fight against the people of Haiti but France doubted how capable Haiti was of beating them. One of the weapons that were on there side was called a yellow fever. A former slace named Jacques Dessalines led the revolution and claimed that Haiti was a free republic, and it became the first independent nation in 1804.
In 1808 when Napoleon invaded Spain he had appointed his brother Joseph Bonaparte to the Spanish throne. decided to be loyal to their king, and not France.In Venezuela they ejected Bonaparte's governor ,and they decided to revolt against the European powers. They claimed Simon Bolviar as their leader.He created a national congress and declared independence from Spain.
Simon Bolivar also freed Columbia, Ecuador, and Venezuela. After this Jose de San Martin was trying to free Argentina from the french rule. He met up with a man named Bernardo O'Higgins and he was from Chile. Togther Bernado O'Higgins and Jose de San Martin freed Argentina, Chile, and Peru as well.
John Vl set up a court that was in Brazil, while he was the king of Portugal. He had a son named Pedro which he left in Brazil. Pedro declared Brazilian independence and claimed himself emperor. He made Brazil a major exporter of coffee, abolished slavery, and he reformed the Brazilian goverment. The people got angry and revolted against the monarchy and made Brazil a republic in 1889.
Miguel Hidalgo led a revolution against Spanish rule in Mexico in 1810. Hidalgo was executed. Jose Morelos took over and led the revolution. This led to the landowners class executed him once he announced that he wanted to give land to the poor. In 1821, Mexico signed the treaty of cordoba. This treaty gave Mexico independence.
The American and French revolutions sparked Latin America to have their own. Latin America had an opportune moment to throw a revolt against Europe. Europe was in chaos and rebellious leaders could lead a successful revolt with this advantage. Haiti in the early 1800s consisted of slaves, or workers that worked on plantations that exported luxury goods to Europe. Former slave Pierre Toussaint L'Ouverture lad a successful slave revolt. Napoleon sent troops to stop it but the Haitians fought very well. After L'Ouverture was imprisoned, his lieutenant Jacques Dessalines took over and led them to become the first independent nation in Latin America. In South America, Napoleon's brother was rejected as governor and they anointed their own leader Simon Bolivar. Bolivar helped build up South America, helping South America gain its independence. In Argentina, a creole by the name of Jose de San Martin began the revolutionary movement against the Spanish crown. South America was able to successfully declare their independence from Spain in the 1820's.
7 comments:
The American and French Revolutions inspired Latin America to stand up against its unfair European rulers. Even though there have been revolt attempts before, it was possible to have successful ones because Europe was distracted by troubles caused by Napoleon.
Haiti was the first Revolution of the Latin Americas. France owned all the Haitian plantations which had blacks work for them. By 1800s 90% of Haiti were slaves and this was very unfair. A former slave names Pierre Toussaint L'Ouverture led a dreadful revolt against the French. France sent troops to Haiti but the Haitians were capable of beating them with yellow fever on their side. Jacques Dessalines took over the revolution and claimed Haiti a free republic in 1804, and it became the first independent nation in Latin America.
South America decided to stand up to the European powers soon after Haiti. Venezuela (Spanish state) rejected Joseph Bonaparte as their ruler and claimed Simon Bolivar as leader. He used enlightenment ideas to establish a national congress and declare independence from Spain . He helped win a civil war between revolutionaries and people who supported the Spanish crown. He freed Gran Colombia (Columbia, Ecuador, Venezuela).
Down south, Jose de San Martin was trying to free Argentina from French rule. He met up with Bernardo O'Higgins of Chile. They together freed their nations and Peru as well. They later met up with Simon Bolivar and slowly drove Europe out of South America.
John VI set up his royal court in Brazil in 1807. While he returned to Portugal, his son Pedro stayed in behind, declared Brazilian independence and crowned himself emperor. Brazil had it's independence soon after. His son, Pedro II, reformed Brazilian government, made it a major exporter of coffee, and abolished slavery. The land-owning class got angry and revolted against the monarchy making a republic in 1889.
in 1810, Miguel Hidalgo led a revolution against Spanish rule in Mexico. Spanish armies resisted and executed Hidalgo. Jose Morelos took over after Hidalgo and led the revolutionaries. Similar to Brazil, the landowning class executed him when he announced that he wants to distribute land to the poor. Independence was achieved in 1821 wut the treaty of Cordoba. Spain was then forced to recognize that its 300-year-old domination of Latin America was coming to an end. Mexico was now independent and Hidalgo is not recognized for being the founding father of Mexico.
DASHA SHAPOVALOVA
Latin America was inspired by the success of the American Revolution in Europe. Europe was distracted by Napoleon and this led to successful rebellions for Latin America.
Haiti was the first place to revolt. France exported coffee, sugar, cocoa and indigo from Haiti to Europe. French colonist owned huge plantations and hundreds of slaves. By the 1800s, 90% of Haiti were slaves. Pierre Toussaint L'Ouverture a former slave led a violent but unsuccessful slave revolt. Angry, Napoleon sent 20,000 troops to end the revolt. The French captured L'Ouverture and imprisoned him in France. His lieutenant Jacques Dessalines (also a former slave)took over and proclaimed Haiti as a free republic in 1804. Haiti became the first independent nation in Latin America.
In 1808 when Napoleon invaded Spain he had appointed his brother Joseph Bonaparte to the Spanish throne. The Spanish decided they would be loyal to their king and not the French. In Venezuela they ejected Bonaparte's governor and had their own leader, Simon Bolivar. He used enlightenment ideas to create a national congress and declare independence from Spain. He even helped win a civil war between the revolutionaries and people who supported the Spanish crown. He also freed Gran Colombia.
Down south in Argentina, conflict began between the French and those who still supported the Spanish crown. Jose de San Martin took command of the Spanish army. San Martin joined Bernardo O'Higgins of Chile and took the revolutionary movement through Argentina, Chile and Peru. By 1820 a big chunk of South America had declared its independence from Spain.
John VI, the Portuguese king fled to Brazil and set up his royal court there. After Napoleon was defeated he returned to Portugal and left his son Pedro in charge with running Brazil. He declared Brazilian independence and crowned himself emperor.
In 1810 Miguel Hidalgo, a Creole priest led a revolt against Spanish rule. The Spanish armies resisted and they put down the revolution, executing Hidalgo. Jose Morelos picked up after Hidalgo, he too was executed. it wasn't until 1821, that independence was finally achieved. In the Treaty of Cordoba, Spain was forced to recognize that its 300 year old domination of Latin America was coming to an end. Mexico was granted independence and Central America than followed.
- Alyssa Olivo
European colonies in Latin America got inspiration from the success of the American Revolution and ideas of the French Revolution to stand up against unfair European rulers. Hati was where the first successful Latin American revolt took place. France owned the Hatian plantations and therefore by the 1800 about 90 percent of Hati were slaves. This was very unfair. Pierre Toussaint L'Ouverture led a revolt against the French. France fought back with troops but was defeated due to the many slaves and Yellow Fever which killed a great number of the French. Dessalines took over the revolution and declared hati to be a free republic in
1804. Hati became the first independant nation in Latin America. after Hati, South America decided to stand up to the European powers as well. Venezulea did not accept Napoleons brother, Joseph, as a ruler. Rather they claimed Simon Bolivar as their leader. He used Enlightenment ideas to help declare independence from SPain and to create a national congress. Bolivar helped win a civil war betwen revolutionaries and thsoe whom supported the Spanish crown. He also freed Gran Columbia.
Jose San Martin attempted to free Argentina from French rule. Martin, O'Higgens and Bolivar worked together and successfully drove Europe out of South America.
Nicole Kwoka
The Latin American Revolutions were inspired greatly by the American and French Revolutions. So, they decided to take a chance on doing their own revolutions. These all succeeded because everyone was too busy dealing with Napoleon and the congress of vienna, that no one paid attention to their american estates.
It all began with Haiti. France had owned Haiti, and had crops such as coca, sugar, etc exported to France. They also had about many many slaves that grew these crops. However when Napoloen was beginning to come out on top, Pierre Toussaint L'Ouverture led a voilent slave revole. Even though Napoleon had sent many troops to go calm down this revolution, it was no use. The Hatians were very good fighters, and they the disease yellow fever also killed many french soldiers. Yes, LÓuverture was captured and imprisoned, however Jacques Dessalines made Haiti a free republic in 1804.
During the time that Napoleon had made his brother (Joesph Bonaparte) ruler of spain, people chose to recognixe their Spanish king and not the french one. In Venezuela, they took actions into their own hands and appointed a new leader, Simon Bolivar. He was one that travled around europe and learned about Rousseau's teachings. He put what he learned to the test and declared independence from Spain. Even though a war broke out, Bolivar won freedm for the are called Grab Columbia. In Argentina, José de San Martin took all of the teachings that he ahd learned while being in the Spanish army to good use. He had joined up with Bernard O'Higgins of Chile and movied the revoltion through Chile, Perú, and Argentina. He had also joined up with Bovilar at one time. In the 1820's, a big part of South America had declared it's independence from Spain.
At the time that Portugal was invaded by Napoleon, John VI had fled to Brazil. When he returned, e left his son Predo to run the colony. Pedro declared Brizilian independence from Portugal, and later Brazil had it's own constitution. Pedro then gave the power of the throne to Pedro II, his son. Pedro II had not only made Brazil a major exporter of coffee, but also abolished slavery in 1888.
In 1810, a Creole Priest named Miguel Hidalgo led a revolution against the Spanish. However, the spanish had put down the revolt at Calderon Bridge and executed the priest. José Morelos then picked up where Hidalgo left off, and led more revolutions. Yet, he was still executed. Finally, in 1812 Mexico had liberated itself from Spain in Treaty of Cordoba. Mexico was granted it's independence.
Ricardo Hernandez
Period 7
Nicole Paloscio
Period 5 (:
The French & American Revolution both were an inspiration to Latin Americans. They decided to have their own revolutions because Europe was to distracted by all of Napoleon's trouble.
The first Revolution of the Latin Americas was at Haiti. France owned the land of Haiti. They kept many of the Latin Americans slaves because they needed them to work on plantations. By the year 1800 90percent of the population were slaves. France sent troups to fight against the people of Haiti but France doubted how capable Haiti was of beating them. One of the weapons that were on there side was called a yellow fever. A former slace named Jacques Dessalines led the revolution and claimed that Haiti was a free republic, and it became the first independent nation in 1804.
In 1808 when Napoleon invaded Spain he had appointed his brother Joseph Bonaparte to the Spanish throne. decided to be loyal to their king, and not France.In Venezuela they ejected Bonaparte's governor ,and they decided to revolt against the European powers. They claimed Simon Bolviar as their leader.He created a national congress and declared independence from Spain.
Simon Bolivar also freed Columbia, Ecuador, and Venezuela. After this Jose de San Martin was trying to free Argentina from the french rule. He met up with a man named Bernardo O'Higgins and he was from Chile. Togther Bernado O'Higgins and Jose de San Martin freed Argentina, Chile, and Peru as well.
John Vl set up a court that was in Brazil, while he was the king of Portugal. He had a son named Pedro which he left in Brazil. Pedro declared Brazilian independence and claimed himself emperor. He made Brazil a major exporter of coffee, abolished slavery, and he reformed the Brazilian goverment. The people got angry and revolted against the monarchy and made Brazil a republic in 1889.
Miguel Hidalgo led a revolution against Spanish rule in Mexico in 1810. Hidalgo was executed. Jose Morelos took over and led the revolution. This led to the landowners class executed him once he announced that he wanted to give land to the poor. In 1821, Mexico signed the treaty of cordoba. This treaty gave Mexico independence.
The American and French revolutions sparked Latin America to have their own. Latin America had an opportune moment to throw a revolt against Europe. Europe was in chaos and rebellious leaders could lead a successful revolt with this advantage. Haiti in the early 1800s consisted of slaves, or workers that worked on plantations that exported luxury goods to Europe. Former slave Pierre Toussaint L'Ouverture lad a successful slave revolt. Napoleon sent troops to stop it but the Haitians fought very well. After L'Ouverture was imprisoned, his lieutenant Jacques Dessalines took over and led them to become the first independent nation in Latin America.
In South America, Napoleon's brother was rejected as governor and they anointed their own leader Simon Bolivar. Bolivar helped build up South America, helping South America gain its independence.
In Argentina, a creole by the name of Jose de San Martin began the revolutionary movement against the Spanish crown. South America was able to successfully declare their independence from Spain in the 1820's.
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